Teen Depression - 1523 Words

Introduction The research project my group and I decided to do was on teen depression. We wanted teens to be more familiar with this major teen issue and how it affects our daily lives. Teen depression is a major concern and it is not fully acknowledged within high schools. Many people even adults don’t understand the results of teen depression. The statistics on teen depression are sobering. Studies indicate that one in five children have some sort of mental, behavioral, or emotional problem, and that one in ten may have a serious emotional problem. Some quick facts, one in eight teens may suffer from depression. Of all these children and teens struggling with emotional and behavioral problems, 30 % of these teens receive any sort of†¦show more content†¦Counselling means talking about your feelings with a professional trained psychologist who can help you change your thoughts about life, or behaviours that may be causing you to be depressed. Medicine is used to treat depression that is more severe. When you feel seriously depressed and its taking over your life than antidepressant medications might be necessary. With some sort of depression many depressed teens say they feel it just a few weeks. Remember, when you feel as if everything is impossible and you don’t feel wanted, you are not alone. Results: For our groups results we tallied up all 50 surveys and divided them into three groups: The first group being Grade 9 boys, second group Grade 12 boys and the last group females in high school. Within these groups we found out some interesting information. Below is a chart with all our findings filled in: |Questions: |Grade 9 Boys |Grade 12 Boys |High school Girls | |Gender: |11 Boys |21 boys |18 girls | |Grade: |Grade 9 |Grade 12 |Grade 9: 7 | | | | |Grade 12:Show MoreRelatedMajor Teen Depression and Its Growing Issue in Society1382 Words   |  6 Pagesconstantly overlook the severity of depression, more importantly, major teen depression, which presents a legitimate obstacle in society. The intensity of teen depression results from society’s general lack of acknowledgement of the rising affair. In 2012, â€Å"28.5% of teens were depressed† and 15.8% of teens contemplated the option of suicide (Vidourek 1 par. 1), due to their major depression going unnoticed or untreated for. Even teenagers themselves often ignore their depression or remain in denial becauseRead MoreThe Warning Signs and Risk Factors of Teen Depression993 Words   |  4 PagesPeople constantly overlook the severity of depression, more importantly, major teen depression, which presents a legitimate obstacle in society. Teen depression’s intensity results from society’s general lack of acknowledgement of the rising affair. The surprisingly low amount of people aware of teen depression creates a serious matter in today’s world. Within the past year, 15.8% of teens contemplated the option of suicide, due to their major depression going unnoticed or untreated for (Vidourek)Read MoreTeen Depression In Teens1284 Words   |  6 PagesAlex Leon Mrs. Kim Roberts English IV 21 October 2017 Depression in Teens Depression is a mental disorder or an mental illness that impacts people all around the world. In America, it has grown tremendously since 1980 and has been affecting younger and younger people, it was once only affecting adults but in recent years has been getting to adolescents and children. Most recently more than 10 percent of adolescents develop a depressive disorder before the age of 18(Collins, 2017). In this paperRead MoreTeen Depression : A Negative Impact At Home, School Or Anywhere?1301 Words   |  6 Pages Teen Depression Imagine yourself with no one who understands you, being isolated from the world. All the sunny days disappeared and replaced by black dreary clouds that hover over you. Everybody starts questioning you for the dull words you say about life. They all talk about you, and you never did anything to deserve whatever it is they are saying. There is a story behind your sadness, but then you question yourself if it is really important to talk about? Depression is a mental illness causedRead MoreDepression in Teens1459 Words   |  6 Pageswhile loved ones work to help in any way possible. One of the serious mental illnesses that teens struggle with is depression. There are various aspects as to why an adolescent may develop depression including social, academic, or family problems, as well as stress or past issues; however, if others recognize the warning signs, complications can be avoided and treatment obtained to overcome depression. Depression â€Å"extends beyond sadness to the point of illness which affects one’s ability to properlyRead MoreTeen Depression : Genetics Or Situational Cause Word Count1379 Words   |  6 PagesTeen Depression: Genetics or Situational Cause Word count:1225 Does genetics or a child’s environment and surroundings have a greater impact on causing teen depression? â€Å"Rates of depression and anxiety among teenagers have increased by 70 per cent in the past 25 years† (Bedell 1). Teen depression, whether caused by the situation the teen is in, (getting a bad a grade, family relationships, and how they were raised), or it being genetics getting passed down to the teen from parents, depression isRead MoreTeen Depression3489 Words   |  14 Pagesresponsibility and days filled with fun, laughter and joy. This reality is a fairytale for some teenagers. Adolescent depression is a real and growing problem in our society. Numbers of depression diagnosed in adolescents are on the rise. Is this because of more depressed teenagers, or is there an explanation for this. Are there underlying problems or causes for the high depression numbers? Is there something that we can do to help these teenagers. What are the symptoms and diag noses. Factors contributingRead MoreTeenage Depression And Teen Depression792 Words   |  4 Pages Teen depression, which is also known as adolescent depression, is a growing problem in today’s society. Depression among teenagers is overlooked by many and is often mistaken for â€Å"normal† teenage behavior. This mental illness is one of the most common psychiatric disorders. Depression is predominantly seen amongst young women who are transitioning into adulthood. Teenagers are at a point in their lives where they come face to face with the reality of peer pressure and a milestone in becomingRead MoreTeen Depression : Teenage Depression1477 Words   |  6 Pages Teenage Depression Depression has a major impact on the lives of teenagers; And through analysis it says that teen girls have a higher risk at suffering depression. Depression grows more and more everyday in today s society. While researching more about depression realized that teenage girls are at a higher risk for depression. Depression is an common and serious medical illness that negatively affectsRead MoreTeen Depression : The Problem Of Teenage Depression, And Teen Suicide721 Words   |  3 PagesTeen depression is a definite topic most people are unaware of and depression is a worldwide issue and is the leading disability. Depression can lead to many things, from anxiety to thoughts of suicide. Things like social media is a big cause of depression. Everyone has those days where they are feeling sad or maybe even just having a bad day. Sometimes, it goes even more downhill. When it turns into something major, it becomes a real problem. Some p eople ignore the issue, brushing it off as a â€Å"phase

Experts need to slow down the rate of global warming Free Essays

Experts around the world have been warning about this for decades and have been urging governments to do more to slow down the rate of global warming. They warn that there is a 75% risk that global temperatures will rise a further two to three degrees in the next 50 years. The consequence of this would be dramatic. We will write a custom essay sample on Experts need to slow down the rate of global warming or any similar topic only for you Order Now In fact a rise of just one degree would melt the Greenland ice sheet and drown the Maldives, but a three degree increase would kill the Amazon rainforest, wipe out nearly half of all species facing extinction and wreak havoc with crop yields due to weather changes. Whilst the global climate goes through hot and cold cycles, what is worrying about the current phase is the pace of change that could send us head first into a final spin. Although we have certainly benefited from technological advancements that have given us plastics, air travel and cheap food – what is important is to maintain a balance so that excessive consumerism does not ride roughshod over nature’s harmony. In Islam man is given the role of trusteeship over the earth, which is a huge responsibility. In the past, man had to be careful how he treated his local environment since excessive grazing or agriculture could bring ruin to his livelihood. His knowledge was also limited but in the event of a disaster either through ignorance or abuse at least he could resort to moving elsewhere and start again. Now we should have no excuse for ignorance and we should have learnt from our past to avoid misuse. But what is worrying is that the impacts of our behaviour are not just local anymore, they are global. If we fail to act in a responsible manner then we cannot simply relocate because there will be nowhere to go. It is therefore vital that as producers, manufacturers and consumers, we ensure that we give due consideration to the impact of our actions. Such a responsibility is not just that of the east or the west but a responsibility for all of us. Islam teaches us that God has continued and will continue to provide us with ample resources for all time. But through man’s misuse, this balance may change. It is this personal greed of man that makes them squander these resources and deprive others who may need those resources. The Holy Quran warns mankind in Chapter 7, verse 32 â€Å"O children of Adam!†¦ eat and drink but exceed not the bounds; surely He does not love those who exceed the bounds† The overall message of Islam is that it promotes harmony by advising moderation. It accepts that we need to use resources for our progress but this should be done wisely and in a sustainable manner, so that a satisfactory medium is found. The Holy Quran relates in Chapter 25, verse 68 â€Å"those who, when they spend are neither extravagant nor niggardly but moderate between the two. So as individuals we should act on the Quranic injunction that promotes balance and avoids excess and Nations need to be more willing to share knowledge for the sake of the planet rather than for profit and take collective action in line with their collective responsibility. By doing so we will be able to win the pleasure of God and honour our trusteeship of the earth for the present and future generations How to cite Experts need to slow down the rate of global warming, Papers

Caring Culture in Health Care

Question: Discuss about theCaring Culture in Health Care. Answer: Introduction: The healthcare system is focused to improve the quality of life and safety of the community with various diagnosis, treatment and prevention plan that can be involved in the reduction of the health impairments in human beings. The work of the healthcare professional is to provide primary, secondary and tertiary care to the public health. The delivery of modern care varies from country to country and the also depends on trained professionals and paraprofessionals who all work together as a team. According to Purnell (2012), the culture of the healthcare workplace in the present is influencing in the delivery of person-centered care, clinically effectual, and progressing in the direction of improvement in response to the changing environment. Evidences reveal the fact in the year 2000, healthcare especially organizational and the corporate cultures gave too much attention on culture rather than the primary culture provided to the patients. As discussed by Grol et al. (2013), gathering on expertise with practice development which is a complex methodology that has the objective to attain effectual workplace cultures which are person-centered, in dissimilar healthcare settings can be applied in order to remove the toxic culture out of the healthcare sector. The respiratory specialty ward in a healthcare arena, there exist elevated amount of toxicity in the environment. Such toxic or inappropriate culture can produce negative patient health outcome. This report will focus on the caring culture that predominant in this specialty and the recommendations of improvement through a project will be discussed. Background: According to Jeffreys (2015), any established work culture is resistant to change and can be unreceptive to those who are trying to bring any modification. History reveals Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) broke in Hong Kong in the year 2003. Around 1750 cases have been detected with SARS cases in the country between four months of 2003 and almost 286 people died during that period. The SARS has gone through three different phases. First one was outbreak in the teaching hospital where the students and hospital employees were affected. The second phase involved the outbreak in the community. The third phase is the elevation of the number cases which was estimated around eight hospitals and 170 housing estates in the city. However, in the recent past the work culture has taken a turn and has recognized the active organizational support to be an essential strategy in the achievement of potential practice development. (Dixon-Woods et al. 2013). During this phase the prevention method that was adopted by Hong Kong involved five major steps. Firstly, education based on prevention and publicity was given, secondly, tracing of the infection source was done and thirdly, the five major controls were introduced. These controls involve isolation, surveillance, termination of the education sessions, epidemiological information exchange, and temperature check of the travelers at the entry and exit point and campaign based on cleansing. Moreover, the collaboration and communication between Mainland China and WHO was strengthened during this phase. Lastly, a diagnostic test related to SARS was developed. The Pilot Scheme of Hospital Accreditation was launched in the year 2009 in the month of May in Hong Kong which adapted the Australian Council on Healthcare Standards (ACHS). This helped in assessing feasibility of this accreditation, evaluation of readiness, recognize the infrastructure and implications of resources and recommendation of the future healthcare model. Patient centered care can be defined as an approach which has gained much emphasis in the present days. It is an approach where the healthcare professionals constantly adopt patients perspectives and then mainstream the various aspects of the healthcare system and its related process. As stated by Weaver et al. (2013), patient care is an important aspect in the medical arena for every medical professional. With the advent of the modern technology there has been a drastic in the treatment procedure over the past few years. The advancement of technology have developed an environment which creates an efficient patient care and turns out to be helpful for the patient. In the recent years patient care has become first priority for the clinicians and has flourished in the current years (Smith et al. 2013). Until the beginning of the twentieth century patients were not segregated according to the specific disease on basis of their diagnosis. As stated by Preston and Kelly (2016), the medical advances made during the Second World War have reflected the emergence of medical specialties. Although in the mid 1990s there were more nursing specialists, in regards to the respiratory specialty, very few have fulfilled the criteria based on patient care. As discussed by Carayon (2016), the roots of the nursing practice can be traced to the care and management of patients with tuberculosis and involve roles such as TB family visitor. According to Morgan and Yoder (2012), with the advent of 1980s, the advancement in the medicines and modifications in the delivery in terms of health care continued, the outcome has elevated the number of the clinical professionals in a broad range of respiratory setup. For example, work practice within TB clinics, Chronic Pulmonary Disease (COPD), asthma, ventilatio n services, sleep apnea services and pulmonary rehabilitation programs (Brownie and Nancarrow 2013). Evidences reveal the fact that as the number of healthcare professionals increased with time in the last 5 to 10 years, in the respiratory specialty there has been an improvement in the knowledge and psychological issues in regards to respiratory care and management (Entwistle and Watt 2013). Moreover, technologies have made significant difference in realizing the requirements of patients living in the in factious prone zone. In this arena changes in the political climate, transformation in the leadership in the health professionals, organizational modifications, rising costs, pressures on the services and quality and rapid development in the technology and medicine over the last twenty years have certainly led to the construction of fresh, innovative and more efficient ways for improving this sector (Kogan et al. 2016). Several studies reveal the fact that with the increase in demand of the respiratory care due to the elevation in the morbidity and mortality, the roles of the health care providers have also changed. Within the past few years there has been a change in the leadership qualities in the health practitioners. Still there exist certain flaws that can be improved transformation in the leadership, teamwork, person-centered care, implementing safety and promoting open communication. According to Starfield (2016), in the contemporary health care settings related to the respiratory ward needs management and leadership skills and the professionals provide compassionate care after identifying the physical, cultural, mental and spiritual framework in which the patients associated with respiratory diseases live. As discussed by Gaugler et al. (2015), the last few years have witnessed different grades of health practitioners with the training that is required for the health assessment, diagnosis an d treatment. Trainees have started understanding the significance pulmonary rehabilitation and ask for opportunities to gain initial experience in this area. Knowledge of process of administration of supplemental oxygen and the suitable collection of patients since this is essential (Barry et al. 2012). Person-Centeredness in your Practice: According to Partridge and Baxter (2016), Person-centered care can be defined as an approach of providing care where the person availing the health facility is considered as an equal partner in developing, planning, and monitoring care to meet their needs. This approach considers the desires, values and social situations and lifestyle of the person availing the healthcare service. Being person-centered reflects that the healthcare practitioners always have the persons safety, comfort and well-being uppermost in their mind. Person centered care is based on four principles and they are care, compassion, dignity and respect. As a part of the respiratory unit of my organization, I have the responsibility to improve on the person centered approach of care (Oshima and Emanuel 2013). After the outbreak of the SARS in Hong Kong the Hospital Authority Head Office (HAHO) the number of hospitals treating this disease increased. Previously it was 13 acute hospitals and so limiting care was provided. But later more hospitals kept a sector for entertaining the SARS patients. As stated by Moorhead (2013), the past practice in the clinical field in the respiratory ward is evident enough to show that in the professionals including me deliver best results possible to the patient, give peer opinion to the patients family, also keep a check on the lifestyle of the patient like restriction in smoking. Sometimes patients with chronic pulmonary disorders get admission who are diagnosed, and clinically treated involving them in the taking certain medical decisions. In several occasions it has been seen that the organization has arranged for health programs that ultimately helped in improving the quality of service, skills of the health professionals and encouraged the patients to develop confidence related to self-management (Hockenberry and Wilson 2014). Moreover, this process has also improved the patient-clinician interaction and transformed it into collaborative partnership. As a health care professional it is important to elicit the correct medical condition of the patient to him and his family members, make proper diagnosis, risk assessment and prevention plan. During the SARS outbreak period the Infection Control Enforcement Team (ICET) was established in every hospital to obtain updated information regarding infection control policies from HAHO. A coordinated patient centered care was provided in regards to these policies. In addition to this delivery of the right treatment for respiratory failure, care for the active smokers, supporting the patient with behavioral change, self-management and work across professional and organizational barriers are a part of my person centered care practice (Quill and Abernethy 2013). Moreover, as it is a known fact that the respiratory ward is an area which is prone to infection that can be bacterial, viral of fungal infection. These are highly contagious in nature. In case of diseases such as tuberculosis, whooping cough, flu, mumps and rubella are highly contagious. In this ward different patients related to respiratory diseases get admitted every day. In order to reduce the hospital acquired infection rate and cure the patient cleanliness and maintenance of sanitation should be one of my first priorities (Hockenberry and Wilson 2014). Observation: Evidences reveal the fact that there are several factors which contributes to the patient centered care. The factors involved are leadership, involvement of the patient and his family in the decision making, provision of supportive environment, strategy that needs to be communicated, quality of care, advanced technology and feedback (Barry et al. 2012). Empirical evidences based on the surveys conducted on patients reveal the fact that health care experiences provides another more quantitative assessment of progress. Evidences reveal that during the outbreak of the SARS infection in Hong Kong, in one case around 90 patients were suffering from SARS according to laboratory criteria, all required ICU care and out of these 90 patient four died. Statistical surveys reflects that even in this generation people who were infected by SARS still have a long term affect. (Hockenberry and Wilson 2014). Although there has been improvement in the person centered care in the recent years, international survey conducted recently indicated that there are still several problems that exist in this area. According to Purnell (2012), the Commonwealth survey in five different countries revealed that there are still substantial gaps which exist between the physician and his patient related to communication in regards to treatment options and health management plans. Around sixty percent of the patient in United States complained about difficulty in getting emergency care on weekends or at nights. The CAHPS 2005 survey data shows on average sixty percent of respondents stated that health care practitioners explained the possible side-effects of medicine to them (Barry et al. 2012). The Center for Health Care Design launched the Pebble Project in 2000 as a research attempt to systematically manuscript the evidence which is supportive and fostering physical environments are therapeutic for care receivers, encouraging the family involvement, promotive of staff efficiency, and curative for employees under stress. Presently more than forty percent of the organizations and they conducted systematic documentation. In one study patient centered care has been demonstrated in order to measure the improvement in patients with chronic diseases such as COPD. In 2002 meta-analysis of almost thirty nine interventional studies, revealed that thirty out of thirty nine studies found at least one process measure improved Purnell (2012). Analysis of Caring Culture: Culture is one of the most important aspects, when especially nursing is considered. One of the studies reveals the fact that culture is a key determinant that influences the quality of care. The effects of culture do not only impact on the wellbeing of the health care employees but also it can be recognized that their views are respected or not. Over the last two decades, constructing and developing an effective healthcare cultures which is evidence based and person centered has been the key objective to implement this into the nursing practice Partridge and Baxter. After the outbreak of the SARS in Hong Kong, the government has become aware of other infections and is prepared to experience and withstand more infection outbreak and also bioterrorism. The multidimensional and flexible health plans during the SARS outbreak has been successful in controlling the infection (2016). It has been analyzed that the role and responsibility of the respiratory nurses in terms of secondary care is significant in developing and managing a care plan that is holistic, compassionate and dignified in nature. A multidisciplinary team (MDT) approach is required for providing holistic care to the patient. As discussed by Partridge and Baxter (2016), the MDT involves therapists, pharmacists and psychologists. In the recent few years secondary care mainly addresses diagnostic needs in the patients with acute and chronic disease and palliative changes such as patients with COPD, asthma, interstitial lung disease and cystic fibrosis. The management of the infectious diseases such as pneumonia, tuberculosis and influenza has become quite easy with the advancement in the technological tools and medications (Quill and Abernethy 2013). According to Oshima and Emanuel (2013), the respiratory nurse gives care around exacerbation management, disease education, rehabilitation, palliation and smoking cessation. This is a key component in providing support in the nursing practice. As discussed by Quill and Abernethy (2013), it has been identified that the number of nurses that has been employed by NHS has grown in number with time and they have become more specialized. In the present few years, the culture of care in the nursing practice has changed. A holistic approach is needed to treat the patient rather than the disease, since several patients have co-morbidities. Although the nurses in the recent few years have adapted the culture changes related to the patient care, there are still gaps that need to be filled in order to remove infection, morbidity and mortality from the respiratory section of the health organization(Quill and Abernethy 2013). The health practitioners need to understand the requirement of the patients and their families and provide care that can be person centered. Nursing care is also linked to several ethical issues and therefore, a nurse should be careful about these issues while providing nursing care (Oshima and Emanuel 2013). Conclusion: The health care sector is responsible for providing care to the community based on the type of service, work culture and management. The delivery of modern care varies from country to country and the also depends on trained professionals and paraprofessionals who all work together as a team. The culture of the healthcare workplace in the present is influencing in the delivery of person-centered care, clinically effectual, and progressing in the direction of improvement in response to the changing environment. In order to plan the nursing care the patient need to be assessed physically, clinically and mentally which is also termed as holistic approach. There are several factors that a nurse and other health care professional need to incorporate in their practice in order to provide person centered care are therapeutic communication, team work, leadership, skill, open communication, high support and life-long learning. After the onslaught of the SARS in Hong Kong, the whole community h as become aware of the emerging and dreadful infection. The evaluation of the hospital preparedness and plans has thus improved. Over the past few years this practice have been improved but still there exist gaps and flaws that can be implemented through designing of a project. Therefore, a project needs to be constructed regarding the promotion of nursing care in the respiratory specialty so that the rate of cure can be higher than the morbidity and mortality. Several recommendations can be incorporated into the project that can bring about change in the nursing health care culture. Such a project can develop the self-management of the patient, help to grow the effective communication among the patient and the health practitioner and lead to a successful clinical treatment in the respiratory specialty. The recommendations are as follows: Person centered care in practice has been known to possess the ability for making a critical difference to the staff and patient care experience. Care and treatment should consider the preferences and needs of the patient. The recommended caring culture in this regard is that the people suffering from respiratory diseases should be provided the opportunity for making informed decisions regarding their treatment and care along with their care providers (Wildevuur and Simonse 2015). Effective communication between the patients and the care providers is essential and should be supported by the written information that is evidence based and tailored according to the needs of the patient. Care, treatment and information that the patients are given has to be culturally appropriate. On request from the patient, the carers and families should be involved in the decisions about care and treatment and they should be provided with the required support and information. Active engagement is sugge sted with the managers for ensuring a collaborative approach to manage and recognize the context where care is delivered (Satta et al. 2014). This is done so that the team can effectively work together for creating an improved culture of care. A culture of care should be developed to support person centered care in everyday practice acknowledging the fact that the implementation is challenging, chaotic, stressful and unpredictable. It is important to determine for ensuring that person centered care becomes a cultural norm for everyday practice. Apart from person centered care, education can serve to build the capacity for improving respiratory care by empowerment of the healthcare workers to support, diagnose and detect their patients suffering from respiratory diseases by addressing the inequalities in their local contexts. Professional training and education of the healthcare workers is an essential part of improving the care culture as it acts as a global response to the challenges existing in the management of the respiratory conditions in primary care (Higginson et al. 2014). Adherence to the guidelines of care can also be beneficial for improving the duration of stay in the hospital and other outcomes. Educating the healthcare providers on the implementation of the new diagnostics can serve to improve the treatment and healing duration. The organizational culture has an impact on the care culture and consists of the norms, beliefs and values that are relevant to the care of the patient. It includes the behaviors and a ttitudes of the healthcare providers that are related to the safety of the patients and are considered appropriate and effective for promoting patient safety. Therefore, nursing leaders or leadership development has also a crucial role to play in improving the care culture in the respiratory ward. It is important for the nursing leaders to assess adequately the safety culture in the ward and develop a framework for guiding other healthcare personnel for working towards increasing the safety in their respective work settings (Kacmarek, Stoller and Heuer 2016). The safety cultural measurements that are action based helps the healthcare organizations to compare their records with various other organizations that in turn, helps to promote the attitudes that are safety focused and initiate the required intervention for improving the care culture in the ward. References: Barry, M.J. and Edgman-Levitan, S., 2012. Shared decision makingthe pinnacle of patient-centered care.New England Journal of Medicine,366(9), pp.780-781. Brownie, S. and Nancarrow, S., 2013. Effects of person-centered care on residents and staff in aged-care facilities: a systematic review.Clinical interventions in Aging,8, p.1. Carayon, P. ed., 2016.Handbook of human factors and ergonomics in health care and patient safety. CRC Press. Dixon-Woods, M., Baker, R., Charles, K., Dawson, J., Jerzembek, G., Martin, G., McCarthy, I., McKee, L., Minion, J., Ozieranski, P. and Willars, J., 2013. Culture and behaviour in the English National Health Service: overview of lessons from a large multimethod study.BMJ quality safety, pp.bmjqs-2013. Entwistle, V.A. and Watt, I.S., 2013. Treating patients as persons: a capabilities approach to support delivery of person-centered care.The American Journal of Bioethics,13(8), pp.29-39. Gaugler, J.E., Hobday, J.V., Robbins, J.C. and Barclay, M.P., 2015. CARES Dementia Care for Families: Effects of Online, Psychoeducational Training on Knowledge of Person-Centered Care and Satisfaction.Journal of gerontological nursing,41(10), pp.18-24. Grol, R., Wensing, M., Eccles, M. and Davis, D. eds., 2013.Improving patient care: the implementation of change in health care. John Wiley Sons. Higginson, I.J., Bausewein, C., Reilly, C.C., Gao, W., Gysels, M., Dzingina, M., McCrone, P., Booth, S., Jolley, C.J. and Moxham, J., 2014. An integrated palliative and respiratory care service for patients with advanced disease and refractory breathlessness: a randomised controlled trial.The Lancet Respiratory Medicine,2(12), pp.979-987. Hockenberry, M.J. and Wilson, D., 2014.Wong's nursing care of infants and children. Elsevier Health Sciences. Jeffreys, M.R., 2015.Teaching cultural competence in nursing and health care: Inquiry, action, and innovation. Springer Publishing Company. Kacmarek, R.M., Stoller, J.K. and Heuer, A., 2016.Egan's fundamentals of respiratory care. Elsevier Health Sciences. Kogan, A.C., Wilber, K. and Mosqueda, L., 2016. Personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Centered Care for Older Adults with Chronic Conditions and Functional Impairment: A Systematic Literature Review.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society,64(1), pp.e1-e7. Moorhead, S., 2013.Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC), Measurement of Health Outcomes, 5: Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC). Elsevier Health Sciences. Morgan, S. and Yoder, L.H., 2012. A concept analysis of person-centered care.Journal of Holistic Nursing,30(1), pp.6-15. Oshima Lee, E. and Emanuel, E.J., 2013. Shared decision making to improve care and reduce costs.New England Journal of Medicine,368(1), pp.6-8. Partridge, M.R. and Baxter, N., 2016. Integrated care: respiratory medicine ready and waiting.Future Hospital Journal,3(1), pp.37-39. Preston, W. and Kelly, C. eds., 2016.Respiratory Nursing at a Glance. John Wiley Sons. Purnell, L.D., 2012.Transcultural health care: A culturally competent approach. FA Davis. Quill, T.E. and Abernethy, A.P., 2013. Generalist plus specialist palliative carecreating a more sustainable model.New England Journal of Medicine,368(13), pp.1173-1175. Satta, G., McHugh, T.D., Mountford, J., Abubakar, I. and Lipman, M., 2014. Managing pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial infection. Time for a patient-centered approach.Annals of the American Thoracic Society,11(1), pp.117-121. Smith, M., Saunders, R., Stuckhardt, L. and McGinnis, J.M. eds., 2013.Best care at lower cost: the path to continuously learning health care in America. National Academies Press. Starfield, B., 2016. Is patient-centered care the same as person-focused care?.Issues. Weaver, S.J., Lubomksi, L.H., Wilson, R.F., Pfoh, E.R., Martinez, K.A. and Dy, S.M., 2013. Promoting a culture of safety as a patient safety strategy: a systematic review.Annals of internal medicine,158(5_Part_2), pp.369-374. Wildevuur, S.E. and Simonse, L.W., 2015. Information and communication technologyenabled person-centered care for the big five chronic conditions: scoping review.Journal of medical Internet research,17(3), p.e77.

My experience, role and learning support free essay sample

In accordance to the ethical guidelines written by The British Education Research Association (BERA, 2004), the names of the children and school, where used, have been changed in order to maintain confidentiality and anonymity. My role (Hancock et al. , 2013 p1) States that â€Å"the practice of learning support as carried out by teaching assistants has developed considerably in recent times†. In the nursery I work along side two higher level teaching assistants and the nursery teacher. At this stage of school life, the majority of learning is through play, so we encourage the use of structured, well thought out fun educational games and play either in small groups or on a one to one basis, I carry out structured activities i. e. drawing, writing, crafting and reading, either on a one to one basis or with a small group of usually 4-6 children. I help identify any child or children that may benefit from further one to one help, through keeping well informed observation notes (KU1. We will write a custom essay sample on My experience, role and learning support or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 1) (KS3. 1) (PPS4. 3) In my role as classroom assistant in year one, my role is very similar to that of the classroom assistant, Margaret Verrecchie, in reader book 1 (Hancock et al. , 2013, pg4) A classroom assistant) I work along side the teacher and one teaching assistant. I help the teacher in the classroom, prepare resources’ for the session and offer the children extra support with reading and writing, it depends on what the teacher wants and needs and on what she asks me to do. Each day is different, and my duties vary accordingly. (PPS4. 3) (KS3. 1) As a midday supervisor, I work along side 10 other midday supervisors, supervising the children in the dining area and other parts of the school during the lunch time break. I help the children with a variety of tasks such as cutting up food, unwrapping of pack lunches and help teach good eating habits, After the children finish eating, we go to the playground, or if it’s wet play, a classroom, where I supervise the children at play. I ensure pupils keep out of areas that are out of bounds, deal with misbehaviour, reporting any problems that I’m unable to resolve to my duty manager, I attend to all pupils who are sick or injured, ensuring they receive the appropriate medical attention, reporting all accidents in the accident report book, I am aware of my responsibilities under the child protection legislation, reporting any concerns I may have to my senior supervisor or child protection officer. I enjoy this role as it allows me to see the children in a more relaxed environment, giving me the invaluable opportunity to get to know the children, on a more personal level, getting to know their personalities outside of the classroom. As lunchtimes are a great opportunity for the children to burn of f some steam, I try to encourage the children to take part in lots of physical activities like skipping and hoopla hoops. (PPS4. 3) I can personally relate to the parent helper in the (The Open University, 2013) E111 DVD sequence –Pam Crawford is a parent helper with a son who is special needs statemented, In the sequence, Pam states that she originally started to volunteer mainly to support her son, but along the way she decided that being a teaching assistant was what she wanted to be, so started a college course to train to become a qualified teaching assistant, which is exactly the same as why I am doing this course. Framework I provide a varied and broad array of duties and tasks on a daily basis in support to the pupils, the teacher, the school and the curriculum, through performing activities on a one to one basis or as part of a team with my work colleagues. Although they do tend to regularly overlap each other, I offer the four levels of support as suggested in the DfEE framework. (PPS4. 3) To support the pupils I encourage them to act independently in an appropriate way, to interact with each other and engage enthusiastically in all the classroom activities. I try to establish a good relationship with all the pupils, acting as a good role model, being aware of and responding appropriately to all individual needs. I supervise and support all the pupils ensuring their safety and make sure they have access to learning at all times. I help them to develop their skills in listening, to express their feelings and ideas, help them to understand, describe, select and retrieve information, show them ways in which to help with problem solving, communication etc. I also attend to all pupils’ personal needs including social, health, physical, hygiene, minor first aid and general well being. To help support the teacher, I prepare the classroom as and when needed for the lessons then clear everything away at the end of the lesson. I also help display pupils work around the classroom; I keep records as and when asked to do so by the teacher. I also support the teacher by managing pupil behaviour, reporting all difficulties appropriately, to the relevant member of staff. I also gather and report and information to and from parents or careers at the end of the school day and I provide administration duties as and when the teacher requires. To support the school I participate in any training and learning activities and any performance development meetings as and when required, I contribute to the overall ethos of the school, I am aware of and support difference and ensure all pupils have equal access to opportunities to learn and discover and to be aware of and comply with policies and procedures relating to child protection, health, safety and security, confidentiality and data protection, reporting all concerns to an appropriate person. To help support the curriculum I help prepare and maintain equipment/resources as directed by the teacher and assist the pupils in their use, also supporting the pupils in using basic ICT as directed by the teacher. I support the pupils in respect to national and local learning strategies e. g. literacy, numeracy, early years as directed by the teacher and help pupils understands instructions that have been given by the teacher. Previous interests and experiences I enjoyed school and took part in lots of school activities like the school productions and the school summer floats at carnival time, I also learnt to play the flute which gained me a place in the school orchestra. I was confident and never had problems making friends, although I did struggle with my school work, but I never let it beat me, I always strived to do my best. I have always been able to take the initiative and have a positive and adaptable personality. I find it easy to fit in with my surroundings and work well as part of a team or on my own. Since leaving school, I’ve worked for various companies, big and small. I’ve been a company administrator for a large company, which built up my confidence working as part of a team which encouraged me to be more efficient with my time as I had to work to strict deadlines, gaining knowledge on company policies and procedures and improving my ICT, and communication skills. I was also a care worker for a care agency where confidentiality was paramount; I went to client’s homes to perform various duties from personal care to shopping and housework. It’s through this job that I learnt skills to encourage people to be independent and carry out simple instructions/tasks. It’s also through this job that I learnt the importance of confidentiality and to keep completely accurate, up to date client observational records. I have three children of my own now and the experiences gained from being a mother, on top of the experiences gained from previous employment and my current employment, has enabled me to make the clear decision that I would like to pursue a career as a teaching assistant as I feel that the skills I’ve gained through life are all relevant to a teaching assistant’s role and skills that I have acquired for life. Key theories and concepts Both Piaget and Vygotsky were instrumental in forming a scientific approach on cognitive development in children. Jean Piaget was one of the first psychologists to reveal that children reason and think differently at different periods in their lives. Piaget considered development went through four stages: Sensori-motor: Pre-Operational: Concrete Operational and the formal Operational stage. The Sensori-motor period (0-2 yrs) is the first stage, as the infants interactions are based on exploring their environment through their senses and abilities, such as grasping and sucking, this also includes practice play as the infant is able to repeat actions continually, but with no intention. The pre-Operational stage (2-7 yrs) is where children’s language is rapidly developed, allowing them to express themselves. They start to use pretend play and parallel play which means children are talking but it is not directed at anyone in particular. The Concrete operation (7-11 yrs) and Formal Operational (11-adult) periods are the third and fourth stages. These are not usually considered in early childhood education but they are still equally important as they are able to think realistically and logically about situations and understand their world (Pulaski. 1980) Vygotsky believes children’s learning of new cognitive skills is guided by an adult or a more skilled child, such as an older sibling, who structures the child’s learning experience, a process Vygotsky called scaffolding. To create an appropriate scaffold, the adult must gain and keep the child’s attention, model the best strategy and adapt the whole process to the child’s developmental level. Vygotsky used this term to signify tasks that are too hard for the child to do alone, but can manage with guidance. Children do seem to follow a certain internal structure, for example grasping and touching, but not all children learn in the same way or at the same pace. A classic example of Vygotskys scaffolding theory can be seen with my two sons, the youngest that at the time was in nappies wanted to use the big toilet like his big brother, so as suggested by Vygotsky, my eldest son used the scaffolding technique. Vygotskys ideas have important educational applications, like Piagets, Vygotskys theory suggest the importance of opportunities for active exploration. But assisted discovery would play a greater role in a Vygotskian classroom than in a Piagetian class: The teacher would provide the scaffolding for children’s discovery, through questions, demonstrations and explanations. To be effective, the assisted discovery processes would have to be within the zone of proximal development of each child (Bee and Boyd, p38. (2009) Cognitive learning is not just internal but also external. Piaget believed that developmental growth was learned in stages. Vygotsky believed that learning was a social and progressive process that did not start or stop at a certain stage or age. A child’s activity plays a key role in the way they learn. I believe that both these theories go hand in hand and that the environmental factors do influence learning behaviours. Training needs My overall aim is to become a qualified teaching assistant, for primary school aged children, which I will gain through completing this course and with the ongoing training I am receiving at work. I aim to develop a better understanding of the ways in which children learn and be more involved in the planning and preparation of lessons. Even though I am a valued member of staff, I still feel that I need to develop my relationships further with professional bodies. I feel I also need to develop my leadership skills further, in order for me to improve my effectiveness in leading pupils through a class activity.

Free Essays on Comparason Of Art from 1600 AD

Comparison of the 3 Great Works of Art from 1600 AD The period 1600AD saw the emergence of a new art style, the Baroque, which became as one of the greatest style in art history. It focuses on more realistic and emotionally charged themes and a good alternative to earlier mannerism style which uses unrealistic and exaggerated approach. There were also an increased in appreciation and imitation of Greek and Roman literature, art, and architecture which known to be the classicism style. Both the Baroque and Classicism movement brought about some of the greatest artist and works of art in the art history, especially in painting. Among them are: The Calling of St. Mathew by Italian painter Caraggavio, The Elevation of the Cross by the Flemish painter Peter Paul Rubens, The Funeral of Phocion by French artist Nicolas Poussin. The Calling of St. Mathew was one of the famous works of Caravaggio in Baroque style. It tells the story of the summoning of Levi (St. Mathew’s name before he was converted) to become one of the Disciples of Christ. In the painting, Levi was counting on his tax collection with his four assistance. Surprised by the intrusion and perhaps dazzled by the sudden light from the just-opened door, Levi draws back and gestures toward himself with his left hand as if to say, "Who, me?", his right hand remaining on the coin he had been counting before Christ's entrance. It utilizes the fundamentally static medium of painting to convey characteristic human indecision after a challenge or command and before reaction.(Caravaggio). The dark and urgent nature of his paintings at this time must have reflected Caravaggio's desperate state of mind. Orphaned at age 11, he had many encounters with the law during his stay in Rome. He was imprisoned for several assaults and for killing an oppo nent after a disputed score in a game of court tennis( Caravaggio). Despite His bad reputation, he was to be co... Free Essays on Comparason Of Art from 1600 AD Free Essays on Comparason Of Art from 1600 AD Comparison of the 3 Great Works of Art from 1600 AD The period 1600AD saw the emergence of a new art style, the Baroque, which became as one of the greatest style in art history. It focuses on more realistic and emotionally charged themes and a good alternative to earlier mannerism style which uses unrealistic and exaggerated approach. There were also an increased in appreciation and imitation of Greek and Roman literature, art, and architecture which known to be the classicism style. Both the Baroque and Classicism movement brought about some of the greatest artist and works of art in the art history, especially in painting. Among them are: The Calling of St. Mathew by Italian painter Caraggavio, The Elevation of the Cross by the Flemish painter Peter Paul Rubens, The Funeral of Phocion by French artist Nicolas Poussin. The Calling of St. Mathew was one of the famous works of Caravaggio in Baroque style. It tells the story of the summoning of Levi (St. Mathew’s name before he was converted) to become one of the Disciples of Christ. In the painting, Levi was counting on his tax collection with his four assistance. Surprised by the intrusion and perhaps dazzled by the sudden light from the just-opened door, Levi draws back and gestures toward himself with his left hand as if to say, "Who, me?", his right hand remaining on the coin he had been counting before Christ's entrance. It utilizes the fundamentally static medium of painting to convey characteristic human indecision after a challenge or command and before reaction.(Caravaggio). The dark and urgent nature of his paintings at this time must have reflected Caravaggio's desperate state of mind. Orphaned at age 11, he had many encounters with the law during his stay in Rome. He was imprisoned for several assaults and for killing an oppo nent after a disputed score in a game of court tennis( Caravaggio). Despite His bad reputation, he was to be co...

Daily Writing Tips Spelling Test 1

Daily Writing Tips Spelling Test 1 Daily Writing Tips Spelling Test 1 Daily Writing Tips Spelling Test 1 By Daniel Scocco It took us some time, but we are finally up with another test, the Spelling Test 1. Spelling mistakes represent a common problem on the Internet. Sometimes just one letter separates two words with completely different meanings. Other times we end up transposing a vowel, and the result is hardly noticeable by the eye. Regardless, you should make sure that spelling mistakes are not crippling your writing, and this test is a good opportunity to do so. Here is a teaser: 9. It didn’t turn out the way we wanted, _________. though tough through thought Do you think you can pass with 100% accuracy? Test your spelling skills now, and let us know the result! Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the General category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Rhetorical Devices for Rational WritingExpanded and ExtendedUsing "zeitgeist" Coherently

Is it Morally Acceptable to Illegally Download a Hollywood Movie Essay

Is it Morally Acceptable to Illegally Download a Hollywood Movie - Essay Example Most of the information found on the internet is copyrighted. Therefore it is illegal to share information without the permission of the owner. The violation of this law has often been associated with the internet users who often download and share copyrighted information without the owner’s knowledge. Internet users are supposed to pay for the use of online books, music, movies, software and many forms of intellectual properties.   Most copyright owners are supposed to restrict the use of their work to avoid the sharing of their work without their permission. With the presence of such online information, internet users often worry about the imposed rules concerning copyright. Restrictions may hinder the evolution of technology. One such online threat is piracy, which is defined by Hunnewell as â€Å"the illegal duplication and distribution of sound recordings†.Commercial pirates use the Internet to transfer movie files from one country to another for download and sub sequent duplication and counterfeits in other markets. As Waterman wonders, â€Å"no one can be certain whether Hollywood’s worst case scenario of movie revenue decimal due to p2p file sharing will materialize† (2009, p. 261).   It is a fact that the markets for Hollywood movies do not only belong to the English speaking people but also many others natives across the world America, a copyright’s aim is included in the constitution. It is meant to promote the progress of science.

Auxilium Pharmaceutical Corporation Research Paper

Auxilium Pharmaceutical Corporation - Research Paper Example In relation to the study the company which has been selected is Auxilium Pharmaceutical, a firm that has been in business since 1999. The firm’s common stocks are traded publicly in NASDAQ under the symbol AUXL. The mission statement of the company is: â€Å"To improve the lives of patients throughout the world by rapidly and efficiently identifying, developing and commercializing innovative specialty biopharmaceutical products†. The firm’s products target the following healthcare markets: hand and plastic surgeons, endocrinologist, rheumatologists, urologists, and primary care physicians. The two top selling brands the company has are Testim and Xiaflex. The values of the company include integrity, quality, innovation, teamwork, and result oriented. In fiscal year 2010 Auxilium Pharmaceutical generated $211 million in revenues. The organization has 565 employees. The pharmaceutical industry is one of the largest and most powerful industries in the world with 201 0 global sales of $875 billion. The United States has the most expensive healthcare system in the world. One of the challenges that U.S. healthcare companies face when trying to develop a new drug is that it takes a lot of time and money to bring a new drug to market. During the last five years the costs of bringing a new drug to market have gone up from $800 million to $1.3 billion. One of the primary reasons companies receive lengthy patent protection is to allow companies sufficient time to recover its investment and make a reasonable profit. All the costs across the entire healthcare system in the United States are on the rise. The medical spending per capita in the United States is twice as high as other developed countries such as the members of the European Union. In 2009 the United States spend $7,410 in healthcare spending per capita, while Europe in the same period spend only spend $3,615. Quality is not the main issue that’s driving the costs up since the Europeans receive equal if not better healthcare than American citizens. The cost of education may be a factor that is affecting the salary scales for doctors in the United States. Most medical students borrow over $250,000 in student loans to finance their education. Once they start practicing doctors are seeking higher salaries than ever before. Drugs are becoming more expensive due to higher development costs and medical plans are charging astronomical yearly fees in comparison with the past. In 2009 the average cost of family healthcare plan was $13,375. Medical insurance plan inflation increased 5% in comparison with 2008. Due to the rising cost of medical insurance the amount of Americans that are uninsured has increased to over 50 million. This hurts the sales of pharmaceutical companies because uninsured citizens typically cannot afford to pay for their prescription drugs in cash payments. Auxilium Pharmaceutical has multiple strengths that are helping the company stay competitive. T he firm has build up a nice brand value during its 13 years operating in the industry. During 2010 the company had very solid sales results of $211.4 million which represent an increase of 29% in comparison with the previous year.

Critical Thinking Questions Essay Example for Free

Critical Thinking Questions Essay Labeling is a societal way of correcting wrongs within the community by giving names related to the kind of wrong committed. Unfortunately, this does not always correct the deviant’s behavior. The labeled character internalizes the label and gets accustomed to it so as behave as labeled. Once one is called a thief they become one because the society is already aware of their character and they have no fear. They abide to the ascribed label, (Labeling and Crime, 2001). 2). What is the difference between primary and secondary deviance? Primary deviance, according to Edwin Lemert, is the initial act in which a person is identified to have committed a social wrong. When the society tries to correct it by punishing the offender they may or not stop committing this act depending on their perception of the form of correction. Secondary deviance is a kind of deviance that results from the reaction of the offender to the initial societal corrective measures. The offender tends to acquaint themselves with stubbornness against first hand correction to mistakes. As result of being labeled they develop a mind set that they are deviants. The community may try to punish them harder only to realize that they harden and commit the crime more frequently and fully become criminals rather than just deviants, (Crime and Criminology, 2010). 3). What are some examples of master status not in the text? A master status is acquired when one is successfully labeled and develops that particular kind of label making it his/her personality. For example, one may acquire a master status as a prostitute, rapist, gay or homosexual. This may have resulted from an act out of curiosity, desperation or poverty. When it is known to the public they may be labeled. The community does not want to associate with them and they may not get jobs due to the label and they decided to make it their personality for survival. 4). What are traits associated with them? Master status may result to a complete change in the character and personality of an individual. The new state makes them express low self esteem, shyness to the public, wild reactions that make them commit the crime more even after harsh punishment. They may tend to be closely associated with other criminals and may indulge in other related crimes other than the one they were labeled after. This mixed reaction results from victimization of the labeled person by capitalizing on his weakness rather than promoting their strengths. 5). How do those assumed traits affect our perceptions of people with that status? The perception of the community on a person who has acquired master status is transformed towards the description of this person in accordance to their label. They are called thieves other than teacher or father which would still be his other roles in the society. The community perceives them as evil and criminals despite any attempt to act well. 6). What are decision-making types used by rational choice theory? Decision making in rational theory may be in two types. Criminal event decision type and criminal involvement decision type. Criminal involvement type of decision making involve the criminal weighing options on whether participating in a criminal activity would yield more benefits or negatives. A cost benefit analysis is first taken before one commits crime. Crime event type of decision making involve the issues related to a particular crime that respond to the questions where, when, and how. The person must have decided to commit a crime and but they are either held back by either of the above mentioned situations which would promote the success of the crime, (Vito, Maahs, Holmes, 2007). 7). How do these decisions apply to crime? The rational decision making applies in crime in a number of ways. If a criminal decides that it would be beneficial, advantageous, and lucrative to commit the crime then they would commit it at particular location and specific time as deemed appropriate. When the analysis is completed the criminal does not fear any punishment emanating for the crime they intend to commit. This is applicable in theft and burglary cases. References Crime and Criminology: retrieved in 2010. http://www. sociologyindex. com/crime. htm 2010 Labeling and Crime: edited in March 2001: http://www. le. ac. uk/education/resources/SocSci/labelling. html 09 Vito, GT F. , Maahs, J. R. Holmes, R. M. (2007). Criminology: theory, research, and policy. Canada: Jones and Bartlett’s publisher.

Rosa Parks Essay -- History Rosa Parks Racism Essays

Rosa Parks Rosa Parks, born in Tuskegee, Alabama on February 4, 1913 in was raised in an era during which segregation was normal and black suppression was a way of life. She lived with relatives in Montgomery, where she finished high school in 1933 and continued her education at Alabama State College. She married her husband, Raymond Parks, a barber, in 1932. She worked as a clerk, an insurance salesperson, and a tailor’s assistant at a department store. She was also employed as a seamstress by white residents of Montgomery who were supporters of black Americans’ struggle for freedom and equal rights. Parks became active in civil rights work in the 1930’s. In 1943 Rosa became one of the first women to join the Montgomery National Association for Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). Between 1943 and 1956 she served as a secretary for the group and later as an advisor to the NAACP Youth Council. She also contributed to the Montgomery Voters League to increase black voter registration. During the summer of 1955 Rosa accepted a scholarship given to community leaders which gave her a chance to work on school integration at the Highlander Folk School in Tennessee. This was an excellent opportunity for her because she was able to experience racial harmony which nurtured her activism. Obviously Rosa, like many others, dedicated many years of her life trying to increase equality for black Americans. Though these efforts did not go unnoticed or fail in making any progress, it wasn’t until Dec. 1 of 1955 that Rosa made a decision that would later make her known as the â€Å"Mother of the Civil Rights Movement†. On this significant day Rosa simply refused to give up her seat on the bus to a white man who was standing. Though i... ... it was the way in which she did it. She didn’t argue, she didn’t yell or threaten anyone. She did not make a scene. She protested in a peaceful way, and it’s great to know that even if young people are not taught the details of her life they can admire her and realize that violence and hatred are not needed for things to change. On Dec. 1 of 1955 Rosa simply remained seated, and by doing so took a stand, one that has made her one of the most honorable figures in US history. Works Cited 1. â€Å"Rosa Louis McCauley Parks 1913-.† African American Almanac. 1985. 2. Koeller, David. â€Å"The Montgomery Bus Boycott.† North Park University. 1999 dkoeller@northpark.edu* 3. â€Å"Rosa Parks.† Acheivement.org. 1997. The Hall of Public Service. 2000. http://www.acheivement.org/autodoc/page/par0bio-1* 4. Parks, Rosa. Rosa Parks: My Story. New York, 1992.

Europeans in Jamaica Essay

When did they come? Jamaica was first colonized by a native group of South American origin who, in the early history of Jamaica, called their home a paradise of wood and water. The Arawak were there to greet Christopher Columbus when he arrived in Jamaica in 1494, beginning a long period of European colonization there. The history of Jamaica as a European outpost saw the island under Spanish rule for 150 years, during which the city now known as Spanish Town was established and flourished as the colony’s economic hub. In the 1650s, Jamaica was captured by the British. Despite turning Jamaica into a profitable colony, continued harassment by a group of ex-slaves – brought over throughout the Spanish period and set free during their retreat – and their descendants dogged the British until they relented and granted emancipation to all remaining plantation laborers in 1838. The Maroons, as this small army was known, are still revered today as some of the most brave and noble figures in the history of Jamaica. Why did they come? On May 10, 1655, an English expedition, commanded by Admiral William Penn and General Robert Venables, landed at the present-day coastal town of Passage Fort, in the southeastern parish of Saint Catherine. This expedition, which had failed to capture Hispaniola, proceeded to claim the island of Jamaica for England. At the time of the English conquest, the Spaniards were unable to effectively resist the invasion because only about 500 of them were armed with weapons. The English ordered the Spanish colonists to deliver all of their slaves and goods and leave the island. Some followed these orders, but a group led by Don Cristabal Arnaldo de Isasi remained and put up guerrilla resistance to the English. Isasi freed the slaves, many of whom retreated with the Spanish rebels into the hills. From there, the Spanish and the freed blacks who had joined them frequently raided and waged guerrilla warfare on English settlements. Isasi, finally overwhelmed by English forces, fled to Cuba for reinforcement. Some of the blacks who had fought with Isasi, recognizing that the Spanish case was lost, defected to the English. A black regiment fighting for the English, led by the former slave Juan de Bolas, proved a decisive factor in the final defeat of the Spanish, marked by Isasi’s retreat in 1660. How did they colonize? Jamaica’s English-appointed governor Edward D’Oyley compensated the black regiment by officially recognizing their freedom and granting them landholdings. Other formerly Spanish-owned slaves remained autonomous of the colonial administration, living in their own communities as maroons. Spain officially ceded the island to England under the Treaty of Madrid in 1670. The English established a representative system of government, giving white settlers the power to make their own laws through an elected House of Assembly, which acted as a legislative body. The Legislative Council, whose members were appointed by the governor, served an advisory function and took part in legislative debates. This system lasted until it was replaced in 1866 by the crown colony system of government, which stripped the island elite of most of its political power. What changes did they make? The English encouraged permanent settlement through generous land grants. In 1664 Sir Thomas Modyford, a sugar plantation and slave owner in Barbados (a Caribbean island of the Lesser Antilles chain), was appointed governor of Jamaica. He brought 1,000 English settlers and black slaves with him from Barbados. Modyford immediately encouraged plantation agriculture, especially the cultivation of cacao and sugarcane. By the early 1700s sugar estates worked by black slaves were established throughout the island, and sugar and its by-products dominated the economy. Other economic activities, including livestock rearing and the cultivation of coffee and pimento (allspice), developed as well. With the establishment of the plantation system, the slave trade grew. Slaves of both genders and every age were found in all facets of the island’s economy, in both rural and urban areas. They were laborers on plantations, domestic servants, and skilled artisans (tradesmen, technicians, and itinerant traders). The wealth created in Jamaica by the labor of black slaves has been estimated at ? 18,000,000, more than half of he estimated total of ? 30,000,000 for the entire British West Indies. It has been postulated that the profit generated by the ‘triangular trade’ (involving sugar and tropical produce from the British Caribbean colonies, the trade in manufactured goods for slaves in Africa, and the trade of slaves in the British Caribbean) financed the Industrial Revolution in Britain. More than 1 million slaves are estimated to have bee n transported directly from Africa to Jamaica during the period of slavery; of these, 200,000 were reexported to other places in the Americas. During the 17th and 18th centuries, the Akan, Ga, and Adangbe from the northwestern coastal region known as the Gold Coast (around modern Ghana) dominated the slave trade to the island. Not until 1776 did slaves imported from other parts of Africa-Igbos from the Bight of Biafra (southern modern Nigeria) and Kongos from Central Africa-outnumber slaves from the Gold Coast. But slaves from these regions represented 46 percent of the total number of slaves. The demand for slaves required about 10,000 to be imported annually. Thus slaves born in Africa far outnumbered those who were born in Jamaica; on average they constituted more than 80 percent of the slave population until Britain abolished the slave trade in 1807. When Britain abolished the institution of slavery in 1834, Jamaica had a population of more than 311,000 slaves and only about 16,700 whites. By the mid-1700s planters were distributing small plots of marginal land to their slaves, both men and women, as a way to offset the cost of providing food. However, the slaves were expected to tend their own crops only during their limited free time. Although slaves were not allotted much time to work the plots, they were able to produce enough not only for their own subsistence but also for sale. A vibrant marketing network developed among the slaves throughout the island, creating what is referred to as a proto-peasantry. In the British mind, slaves were no more than property and merchandise to be bought and sold. On this premise, the British enacted a whole system of slave laws aimed primarily at policing slaves. In general, the premise that slaves were no more than property allowed slave owners to treat them brutally. The severity of this brutality varied. Slaves on large sugar estates generally suffered the harshest punishments, while those on smaller estates and in towns received somewhat better treatment. Colonialism The history of Jamaica is crucial to understanding the country’s current situation. Many of the problems today are results of neocolonial forces. The roots of such concerns can be found within the country’s long legacy of colonialism extending 300 years in length before reaching independence. Jamaica was the meeting place of two expropriate populations: the Britisher uprooting himself in search of quick wealth through sugar; and the African uprooted by force from his environment to supply slave labor upon which his owner’s dream of wealth depended† (Manley, 1975: 12). In 1494 Christopher Columbus arrived on the island to be followed by his son, Diego, in 1509. Diego Columbus sent a delegation to the island thus supporting Spanish control in Jamaica until 1660. During the reign of the Spanish the colonizers managed to wipe out the entire population of native Arawaks, comprised of 60,000 people. The Spanish had imported some slaves from Africa during this time but developed little of the island. Profound development began in 1660 when, after a five-year struggle against the Spanish crown, the British won power. There was a significant rise in population under British control. Their system allowed the colony to prosper as they gave new European settlers land to cultivate sugar cane and cocoa. â€Å"The European planter has been described as a machine for making money† (Waters, 1985: 22). The purpose of this colonial economic system was to provide raw materials and goods for the Mother Country. In addition, a general consumer market was developed to send wealth to Europe and allow for capital accumulation, all for the benefit of the colonizers. Slavery represents an important part of Jamaican history and the cultivated dominant atmosphere. For one, plantations highly depended on slave labor to maximize profit margins. Between 1655 and 1808 one million slaves were forcefully brought to Jamaica (Waters, 1985: 21-23). Persaud (2001: 72) suggests, â€Å"the plantation system, the totality of institutional arrangements surrounding the production and marketing of plantation crops, has seriously affected society in Jamaica†. In other words, the slave mode of production was a crucial factor in the establishment of Jamaica’s structural society. â€Å"Jamaica’s class structure today reflects its history as a colonial plantation society and its beginnings of industrial development characterized by a high rate of inequality and poverty

Louis Menand’s Three Theories Essay

More people than ever before are attending college due to the endless opportunities that it provides. Louis Menand, a college professor and the author of â€Å"Live and Learn: Why We Have College,† explains the meaning of college through three theories that have been developed. Theory 1 supports the idea of the sorting-out process that separates the highly intelligent from the less intelligent. Menand’s second theory explains that college provides opportunities for developmental growth, personal growth, and teaches individuals about the world around us. These are valuable lessons that will not be learned anywhere else. Theory three supports the idea of people attending college to specialize in a specific vocation. I am a firm believer in Menand’s second theory. I believe that college should enlighten students in various ways to make for well-rounded members of society, that college leads individuals to the path of self discovery, and everyone should have an oppor tunity to attend college. While it is true that some college students would rather specialize in certain criteria that only relates to their career path, I believe that college should educate and enlighten students in various ways to make for well-rounded intellectuals. Menand’s second theory is a democratic perspective, which gives students the opportunity to be exposed to numerous topics, which will broaden one’s knowledge. Attaining basic information will stifle student’s developmental and personal growth. College provides students with a broader experience compared to vocational or trade schools. Even though taking a Humanities class may seem like a complete waste of time, I can prove that it has its advantages. Taking these classes will provide a greater understanding of society and how we fit in it. It will also teach students how to think critically, and allows one to explore opportunities before settling in a field that may not be suitable. Expanding the mind and learning more than the basics will shape students into intelligent beings, as well as making room for personal growth. Through my experience, college continues to give me the opportunity to grow and has shaped me to become independent –minded. I soon came to realize what I am capable of achieving, and have also been able to make improvements. For instance, when I first started attending college I realized how different the teaching methods were compared to that of high school. Since the work load was more intensive, I had to learn how  to manage my time according to my own capabilities. I learned how to prioritize, and managed to balance my academics, part-time job, and social life successfully. This transition shaped me to become a well-rounded, independent intellectual. Being a strong supporter of Theory 2, I am a firm believer that college allows for an individual to explore endlessly and also helps one find their path to self discovery. Attending an Ivy League University puts limitations on the freedom of finding the path to self discovery. It does not allow a student the freedom to explore a wide variety of opportunities while simultaneously limiting the freedom of personal growth. Some students that attend these schools are anxiety ridden due to the pressure of earning high grades and graduating at the top of their class. Being a teacher and through observation, I have come to the conclusion that those that take most from their experience and read in-between the lines are those that truly succeed. A college degree ultimately is not the end product of being an accomplished individual. A college degree is a stepping stone into the harsh reality of our society today. According to Theory 1, â€Å"it doesn’t matter which courses students take, or even what is taught in them, as long as they’re rigorous enough for the sorting mechanism to do its work† (Menand ). The filtering process which sorts the more intelligent from the less intelligent does have certain short-term advantages, but what long-term advantages does this have? It would be beneficial to be intelligent and obtain life skills that will help further a future career. If the materials that are being taught are not absorbed, then it is not worth investing endless amounts of time and money just to earn that A and walk away with a degree that ultimately does not mean anything. It is important to take the most from the experience that college provides. I have become a successful teacher due to the opportunities that I have had that led me to self discovery. Theory 2 provides the opportunity for anyone to receive an education. Giving everyone a shot at success and the chance to go to school to earn a college degree opens the door for endless opportunities as well as better options in life. Our economy has made a huge transition over time from being a manufacturing economy to an economy based on knowledge and skill. If knowledge and skill is not acquired than the chance at becoming successful and living comfortable is close to impossible. Having the opportunity to go to college opens the door for new and better ideas, it allows for questions to be asked and answers to be found, and it also provides developmental and personal growth. I agree when Menand says, â€Å"It’s a way of producing a society of like-minded grownups.† It is important for everyone to have an equal opportunity to attend college to make for a better society. College gives students endless opportunities. During this time, students are able to grow and develop academically and individually. It also provides students with an experience to learn about the world around us. When students take most from their college experience, I believe this makes for a happier, accomplished, and successful individual. Everyone deserves an equal opportunity to go to college, to grow into a well-rounded, intelligent member of society. These are all important fundamentals that need to be learned and what better place to learn them than in college. Who would not want to take the most from any experience?

The Change of my Smoking Behavior

The Change of my Smoking Behavior Human beings develop behavior in the process of socialization; sometimes what begins as a habit ends up in being an anti-social behavior and/or addiction. Some antisocial behaviors that are developed from socialization and peer pressure include smoking, alcoholism, and substance abuse. I was born and brought up in a God fearing family, where my parents were strict to instill discipline and good behavior in their children.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Change of my Smoking Behavior specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However , when adolescent, I was influences by my high school peers and began smoking despite it was unacceptable in my family. In the first months I ensured that none of my family member knew my new behavior as it would have caused havoc in my life. After two years of smoking, I had become an addict; although I hated my behavior, I never got the courage to stop it. This paper illustrates a personal qu itting smoking strategy that I have adopted during the last month. I was introduced to smoking by my friend when was in my level two secondary school, previously I had observed people in my neighborhood smoking and I always condemned them. My first cigarette smoking occasion happened at a party with my friends who were smokers, as they shared around of smoke ( â€Å"a round of smoke according to the friends was sharing one cigarette as a group†), I was booed when I was about to let the smoke past me. With the booing, I felt as if I might not be accepted by the peers again, thus I smoked for the first time. As time went by and we continued to engage in social activities with the smoking friends, I became used to the act to a point I would buy the cigarettes and give them. By the time I was finishing my secondary diploma, I was a chain smoker and never feared who saw me smoking. I have been arrested for smoking in public/forbidden places three times. When smoking, someone feels a change in his mind; nicotine has the ability to get into the brain and create a pleasant feeling to the smoker. When faced with a challenging situation, smokers opt to have a sip then decide on the way forward; this shows that someone has already become controlled by the substance.Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More When under the influence of something, the nature of human beings is that they can hardly make sound decisions. Thus, smokers make substandard decisions; this is the risk for health associated with smoking. Smokers are at high risk of contracting lung cancer and other related diseases. It is through wide research and appreciation of the negative effects of smoking on my health, social life, and economic status that I have decided to quit smoking. From the research I have undertaken, I have realized it might be challenging to stop the behavior at once but q uite possible with some consistent actions and if I have the will. To change behavior is not an easy task, it involve a lot of commitment, prayers, hard-work, and consistency. The first step that I have undertaken was to accept that smoking is an antisocial behavior that I could change; to change the behavior I first got into books, literature, and the internet materials that discussed various attributes of smoking. For instance, there are numerous materials and confessions that people have posted on the internet regarding how they managed to quit smoking. From the wide literature, it has come clear that quitting smoking would be gradual and involve a lot of commitment. With the realization, I analyzed the situation, times, and occasions that I smoke; although I am an addict, there are places that I realized I must smoke when in them. For instance, when in a party or in a club, I can hardly control myself, I find myself smoking. The next step is to understand the kind of friends tha t I maintain, smoking friends are likely to have an easy solution to my thirst, they are likely to share me their cigarettes and the behavior continues. With the realization of the friends, I seek to observe their behavior in terms of, when do they smoke, where are they likely t smoke, among others. With the above understanding of my social class and peer friends, I was able to create a plan to avoid them in the instances that they were smoking.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Change of my Smoking Behavior specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More To start with, I noted that I had to smoke in the morning, I smoked when resting in the bed after a long sleep. With the new efforts to change the behavior, I always ensure that when I have woken up, I don’t stay idle in the bed, I get out of the bed fast and go to my gym. After the gym, I ensure that I have breakfast with my family so that a thought about smoking does n ot get into my mind. When heading to college, I ensure that I don’t get in touch with my smoking friends; mostly I switch off my phone to avoid them calling me for a meeting; I have ensured that my days are packed with activities. During the day when I have free time, for example in break time, I get into the nearest library or a no smoking zone, when in the place, I cannot see a cigarette being sold and neither can I find someone smoking that I can get the urge to smoke. In the event from a distance smell a smoker, I change my route to avoid meeting with him. With the efforts, I found myself reducing the number of cigarette smokes from twenty to two within duration of one month. The two smokes that I was taking were when I was getting severe head ache which I interpolated and it was caused by lack of nicotine in the brains. I am looking forward to change the behavior completely during the next month.. Smoking is an addictive behavior that has been described as one of the cha llenging behaviors to quit. From the experience that I have gotten during that one month of practicing quitting smoking, I noted numerous benefits to my health, social environment, and economic status. When talking to people I do not mind that my mouth is stinking of cigarettes. I talk confident and my self esteem has boosted. I have realized that smoking had a negative effect on my teeth, currently, my teeth becoming whiter and they feel stronger. Although changing the habit has been challenging, I have decided to stand with my decision and make sure I remain accountable for every action that I undertake. The major challenge is how to avoid my smoking friends or how to make them appreciate and support me in my decision. When in social occasions, it has become a challenge coping with my smoking friends as they expect me to be smoking.Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Cigarettes adverts are also a challenge I have to fight; they seem to know how to persuade and create the urge to smoke. Marketing and advertisements are crucial parts in selling of a company’s products; it creates awareness and are used as a tool to enlarge a company’s market base; thus cigarette manufacturing companies have created adverts that are really challenging. In the tobacco sector, different people have their own tastes that they seem to be loyal and persuading a customer to shift to ones products needs a lot of energy and use of resources. On the other hand, it is more ethical to persuade customers leave their smoking behavior instead of persuading them to change brands. The main challenge that I have faced in my efforts to quit smoking is the effect of addiction; there are times that I feel restless and suffer severe headache. When restless or having the headaches, I can hardly avoid smoking. My smoking friends are another challenge that I have to cope wit h, they have continued to discourage me; they mock me around and keep telling me it’s for a period then join them. Changing one’s behavior is a challenging task; it calls for commitment, sacrifice, consistence, accountability, and having the will to change. Smoking is an addictive behavior that has been described as one of the challenging behaviors to quit. I have decided to change the behavior within a period of two months; I believe it will be possible with a self-drive and discipline.

Australian Stereotypes Essay Example for Free (#3)

Australian Stereotypes Essay Stereotyping the Australians has always been a common practice by people all around the world. In fact, Australia has been classified as one of the most stereotyped nations in the world due to the sense that much of the international community believes that they have a solid understanding regarding Australian society, despite the fact that their beliefs bear little similarities to the realities of Australian life in the 21st Century. Australia is a complex nation that is riddled with assumptions that are downright false, and sometimes ridiculous. There’s no denying it – as soon the word ‘Australia’ is out, our mind automatically paints a certain glossy picture. For starters, people have assumed that the Australians love to barbecue all the time. Now, while everyone loves a scrumptious and moist barbecued chicken, who in the world would have the time (or patience) to spend the whole morning barbecuing steaks and chicken just to provide a simple breakfast, and repeat the tedious process again for lunch and dinner every single day? The baneful clean-up process and charcoal stains are simply enough to test my patience. However, people in the nationwide has evoke countless of preconceptions that the Aussies are found to be a bunch of barbecue-addicted people, much to the annoyance of the Australians. The real question is ; how did this Australian stereotype become so viral? Australia itself is culpable. Tourism Australia has tried to boost their tourism industries by commercializing Australians with a fresh and rejuvenating look such as the stereotypical â€Å"beach and bimbos† image popularised in the 1980s. However, the portrayal that Aussies loves hang out at the beach every day and ‘put another shrimp on the barbecue’ (or barbie, in the Australian slang) apparently bears a scanty resemblance with the reality. Nick Bryant, a Sydney correspondent also suggested that the popularity of television programs such as Neighbours and Home and Away only rendered the British public to carry a superficial perception of Australia that is not representative of the majority of the nation. â€Å"Throw another shrimp on the barbie† was a 1980s tourism slogan by Paul Hogan which remains as one of the most recognisable quotes associated with Australia within the international community. Another popular Australian stereotype is being belligerent drunkards. People have always assumed that the cities of Australia are full of drunken people, empty scotch bottles and foul alcohol stenches. However, if you happen to walk at the streets of Melbourne, you will realize that it is just like any conventional city, bustling with working ladies and man as opposed to the stereotypical view. Studies have also proved that the country only ranks 44th in terms of global alcohol consumption as opposed to the 17th ranking of the UK. In a nutshell, some of the stereotypical views on Australians are proved to be untrue although some parts of them that are quite true. Stereotypes can be hard to avoid, so my advice is DO NOT always believe what you hear! Many things are always not what they are seemed to be so always do a little research first before ascertaining its validity. Australian Stereotypes. (2017, Jan 22).

The Value of Incumbency Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Value of Incumbency - Essay Example Incumbency is a valued commodity in any election and can mean the difference between winning and losing, but the problem it creates for the system, and for the voters, is not so readily apparent. Incumbents have a de facto advantage because they are running as the hometown favorite. Their district has elected them once, and barring scandal there is no reason for the voters to turn on them. With a little good government and giving the constituents the legislation they prefer, an incumbent should have an advantage. But for most of them this is not enough. The sitting congressman has the purse strings to offer pork barrel projects, highway funds, military spending, and special incentives to their district. This is openly viewed as buying votes and it is a favor that the challenger is unable to provide. They can also raise money for advertising. Incumbents have the inside track on raising campaign funds year round. They have been in office and talking to lobbyists willing to contribute. Contributors are eager to donate money with the hopes of gaining access to the incumbent's influence. PACs have been formed to raise money to support key issues and they can capitalize on the news for public exposure. If the voters are unfamiliar with the challenger, the incumbent has an opportunity to define them (Gerber).

Answer the question from the book Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Answer the question from the book - Essay Example in other instances, most of the IT departments do not have budgets of their own. They, in most cases charge other departments for the services that they provide to them. As such, it becomes hard for the department to project its expenditure levels. Moreover, equipment keeps changing, with the increase in the level of technology and innovation. It makes it difficult to track this whole expenditure record, one that puts into consideration all the expenses including the miscellaneous. 2. To answer the question as to whether IT systems are an expense or an asset, first it is important to understand the difference between an asset and an expense. While an asset is an economic resource, an expense takes away economic resources. Initial investments in IT systems are an asset to an organization like IVK (Austin et al. 54). On the other hand, they are an expense if they became obsolete. It is unfair classifying the systems as expenses, despite their high initial costs. For instance, telephone s were an expense when every department required them. They made communication within the organization easy and simple, and more efficient. They simplified the mode of communication in the organization, and made the daily operations easy. Activities ran smoothly with improved communication. Their contribution to the overall out was overwhelming. These were assets to the organization. However, with the technological advancement in the organizations, there was the introduction of better communication methods such as e-mail. This made telephones obsolete, making them an expense, as the organization had to faze them out indefinitely. This makes them more an expense at the end. 3. IT as a department has little expenses. Because the department provides services to other departments, it is important for the organization to allocate the IT expenses to these departments. On its own, the IT department spends less, as it only require keeping its operations going. The main reason for the establ ishment of IT departments in organizations was to provide technology and communication services to the rest departments. This makes IT the biggest and most interactive department in an organization, as the organization entirely relies on it for these services. Choosing to allocate all IT related expenses to the IT department would leave it with a huge budget. Nonetheless, it is difficult to track all expenses of the IT department. Condensing all the organizational expenses on IT services under the IT department, there would be no track of organizational expenditure on the IT department, and thus poor track of the organizational expenses. 4. The IT should operate just like any other organizational department. Although, due to the sensitivity in operations of the IT department, in most cases, the department runs its operations independently, there should be a limit as to how far this freedom could go. As established by Reuben, it is hard to keep track of all the expenditures in the IT department (Austin et al. 61). On the other hand, there is the need for monitoring of its operations as well as regulation. Therefore, the department should not be independent altogether. There should be a framework regulating the amount IT spends, to make sure it does not overstate its budget. 5. Acquiring new systems is an expensive affair. Therefore, most of the organizations opt to maintain the existing systems, as long as their importance

Diversification in Mainstream Media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Diversification in Mainstream Media - Essay Example With the age of reality television in full force, it can become quite difficult to find televisions shows that set out to reach the threshold of outlining how diverse society can be. The televisions show in question is "The West Wing" from NBC. Answer: Throughout its seven year run on NBC, "The West Wing" maintained an example of addressing the diverse issues that face both Americans, as well as the rest of the world on a day-to-day basis. As a contemporary political voice, the creators used their weekly episodes to draw attention to the varying levels of human nature and human problems. With the White House as the visual landscape, the television medium became an ample source to exemplify the diverse nature that is governmental procedure and politics in general. Coming to a close after a highly charged seven year run, the show tops off its performance for diversification by zeroing in on the diverse and multi layered nature of public campaigning for the highest office in the land the Presidency of the United States. Answer: As old as the first newspaper, the use of stereotypes has been around for centuries. A choice of label meant by the user, to classify the other person(s) in a specific category, whether it's true or false. To a great extent through its means, the media on a daily, even an hourly basis, relies on stereotypes for justification and explanation. In the case of the media at hand, the stereotype commonly used for Democrats are being weak on national defense and Republicans fumbling as it comes to domestic tranquility. Through the eyes of "The West Wing" and the events surrounding the election held during the final season, the viewer comes to realize that stereotypes are just that and ultimately, a hindrance in understanding the bigger picture as it comes to comprehending the full capability that human nature can muster. C. Assess whether or not you believe the selected article, television show, or motion picture fostered a better understanding of diversity and multiculturalism. Justify your answer. When it comes down to it, "The West Wing" does provide a believable backdrop as it comes to the understanding of the diverse national platform and the multicultural nature of its citizens. As it is dealing with the political waters that are ever so choppy, the participants are forced to face the playing field of diversity in opinion, actions and the cultural system which is interwoven amongst it all. As is the case, in terms of mainstream television, a show such as "The West Wing" serves as the necessary vehicle to facilitate the discussion of diversity and multiculturalism. After all, the underlying nature of the program is aided by the understanding and representation of the diverse, multicultural nation that is the United Sates, but also the diversity and cultural scene of the national political landscape. Conclusion Diversity is one of the keys to achieving a greater understanding. An understanding of the complex cultural landscape that makes mankind what it is and what it claims to strive for. Without a sense of diversity, what it is that is being looked at can be best described as a false